威廉·莎士比亚

From fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decrease

His tender heir might bear his memory:
But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies --

Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.
Thou that art now the wold's fresh ornament
And only herald to the gaudy spring
Within thine own bud buriest thy content,

And tender churl mak'st waste in niggarding.
Pity the world, or else this glutton be --
To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.

第1-14首，第16、17首，主旨都是劝一位美貌的青年朋友娶妻生子。

1、increse:reproduction,procretion；繁殖，繁衍。
2、That:So that.rose:有两解：(1)prime；(2)example；莎士比亚常用rose比喻“青春”或“典范”。
3、But as:And that though.the riper:the riper rose.by time:in time,in due course.decease:die。
4、His...his:Its...its,i.e. of the riper rose；莎士比亚时仍常用 his 作中性第三人称单数代词的所有格。tender:young,娇嫩的。bear:carry on；注意此字含双关义，使人既联想到baer fruit，双联想到bear a child。
5、thou...thine:you...your；伊丽莎白时代，第二人称单数代词常用thou（主），其变格形式为thee（宾），thy（所有），thine(所有，用于以元音或h开始的词前；物主），对亲爱都或熟悉的朋友常以此相呼。contracted:betrothed.此行意为：而你却与自己明媚的眼睛定了新，比喻抱独身。
6、Feed'st:Feed；与thou 搭配的第二人称单数动词词尾形式为-est,-st或-t；又见第9行art=are,tx 11tf buriest=bury,第12行mak'st=make.light's flame:眼中的光焰；当时人们认为眼睛同太阳一样能射出光焰，参见33.2（第33首第2行）。self-substantial fuel:fuel of you own substance,（象蜡烛一样）以自身作燃料。
7、Making:Causing.lies:exists.
8、Thyself:Yourself。
9、that:who。
10、only:chief,peerless.gaudy:bright。
11、bud:喻“自身”，与第2行驶rose的比喻连贯。thy content:what you contain，指你做父亲的可能性；content重音在第二个音节。
12、tender churl:gentle miser；以此称呼对方，意在表现其矛盾的两个方面，这在修辞上叫oxymoron.in niggarding:by hoarding,sparing；因吝啬，节俭。
13、or else this glutton be:otherwise you would be such a glutton as。
14、To eat the world's due:To devour what is due to the world.by the grave and thee:by your dying without a child。

When forty winters shall besiege thy brow
And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field,
Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now,

Will be a tottered weed of small worth held:
Then being asked where all thy beauty lies,
Where all the treasure of thy lusty days,
To say within thine own deep-sunken eyes

Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise.
How much more prasie deserved thy beauty's use,
If thou couldst answer, 'This fair child of mine
Shall sum my count and make my old excuse',

Proving his beauty by succession thine.
This were to be new made when thou art old
And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.

1、besiege:军事比喻，又见下行驶dig...trenches in。
2、trenches:喻“皱纹”。field:喻“额头”。注意1-4行用各种形象比喻友人的容貌。
3、proud:splendid.livery:clothing,喻“外貌”，又见下行weed。
4、tottered weed:tattered garment.of small worth held:considered to be of little value。
5-8、转入财富的比喻。
5、Then:By that time.lies:is
6、lusty:(1)vigorous；（2）lustful。
7-8、=It would be an all-consuming shame and profitless praise to answer that it lies within your own sunken eyes.all-eating 又与上首13、14行的 glutton 和 eat 相呼应。were 系过去式表示将来虚拟语气，此为当时习惯用法，又见第9行 deserved。
9-12、用经济法律用语，强调美的价值。
9、deseved thy beauty's use:your beauty's use would deserve.use:(1)investment,lending at interest(经济法律用语）；(2)use for procreation,sexual use。
10、此行answer 后的逗号，引号及This 首字母在写均为Booth 所加。
11、sum my count:make up my account,结清我的帐目。make my old escuse:justify my old age,使我老了有个交代。
12、=Proving the child's beauty to be yours by succession,指儿子继承了你的美。
13、This:Your child.were to be new made:would be made mew。
14、see thy blood warm:see that your blood is warm。

Look in thy glass, and tell the face thou viewest,
Now is the time that face should form another,
Whose fresh repair if now thou renewest,

Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.
For where is she so fair whose uneared womb
Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?
Or who is he so fond will be the tomb

Of his self-love, to stop posterity?
Thou art thy mother's glass, and she in thee
Calls back the lovely April of her prime;
So thou through windows of thine age shalt see,

Despite of wrinkles, this thy golden time.
But if thou live rememb'red not to be,
Die single, and thine image dies with thee.

dost: 垫词（expletive），为音节需要而加，do 的各种变体均可作此用。

unbless some mother: deny some woman the blessing of motherhood.

1、glass:mirror.thou viewaet:that you see.
2、form another:create another one.
3、Whose:Of which,of that face.repair:state.此行了解为：If you do mot renew the youthful state of that face.
4、dost:垫词（expletive)，为音节需要而加，do 的各种变体均可作此用，又见于以下各首中。beguile:cheat.unbless some mother:deny some woman the blessing of motherhood.
5、she:the women.uneared:unploughed；ear(v.)源于古英语eaian,意为plough.
6、tillage:耕耘。husbandry:有双关义：（1）framing；（2）husbandhood.
7-8、the tomb/Of his self-love:参考希腊神话中，男青年Narcissus顾影自恋，投水而死，变为水仙花的故事。
8、to stop posterity:with the result of cutting off his family line.
9、glass:mirror,copy.
11、through windows of thine age:有两解：（1）through your age-dimmed eyes；（2）through mirrors(i.e.children) of your age.
12、this thy golden time:this golden time you are having.
13、rememb'red not to be:only to be forgotten.
14、image:(1)visible form；（2）memory；（3）potential children.

Unthrifty loveliness, why dost thou spend
Upon thyself they beauty's legacy?
Nature's bequest gives nothing but doth lend,

And being frank, she lends to those are free.
Then beateous niggard, why dost thou abuse
The bounteous largess given thee to give?
Profitless userer, why dost thou use

So great a sum of sums yet canst not live?
For having traffic with thyself alone,
Thou of thyself thy sweet self dost deceive.
Then how when nature calls thee to be gone,

What acceptable audit canst thou leave?
Thy unused beauty must be tombed with thee,
Which usèd lives th' executor to be.

此首承第首2、3小节，用了一连经济法律用语。
1、Unthrifty:thriftless,unprofitable(for posterity).
2、beauty's legacy:inheritance of beauty；beauty's语法形式上为所有格，逻辑意义上却是继承的内容或实体。
3、=造化的遗产不是白给的，而是出借的。
4、frank...free:generous...generous；注意此二字同义并押头韵（alliteration).those:those who.
5、beauteous niggard:beautiful miser；此后似可加一逗号。
6、largess:gift.given thee to give:which is given you in order that you may give (i.e.hand on to others).这里given,give为一对半谐音（assonance)，又见第8行 sum,sums.
7、Profitless usurer:不图利的放债人（an oxymoron）；注意usurer 当时无贬义，不象今天专指“高利贷者”。use:(1)invest,lend at interest(cf.usurer)；(2)use up ,spend(cf.profitless).
8、live:(1)make a living；(2)survive(in your children).
9、traffic:trade,business.having traffic with thyself alone:只同你自己交往，指抱独身。
10、=You defraud yourself of your suol.
11-12、how...What ...:此为两种句式的混合；似乎莎士比亚原来想说 When Nature calls you to go ,how will your audit stand?后又改口用了 What ...这一疑问式。
12、acceptable audit:agreeable statement of account，令人满意的清单。leave:leave behind.
13、ununsed:not inveated.tombed:buried.
14、=Which,being inveated,will live to be your executor.executor 系法律用语，指遗嘱执行人；此行换言之即：如果你生了儿子，他将继承你的美貌。

Those hours, that with gentle work did frame
The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell,
Will play the tyrants to the very same
And that unfair which fairly doth excel:
For never-resting time leads summer on
To hideous winter and confounds him there;
Sap cheque'd with frost and lusty leaves quite gone,
Beauty o'ersnow'd and bareness every where:
Then, were not summer's distillation left,
A liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass,
Beauty's effect with beauty were bereft,
Nor it nor no remembrance what it was:
But flowers distill'd though they with winter meet,
Leese but their show; their substance still lives sweet.

1、hours(读两个音节）：同第5行time 一样指“时间”之神。frame:shape，造就。
2、gaze:object gazed om，指“容貌”。
3、the very same:the same to lovely face.
4、unfair(v.t.):make ugly.fairly:in beauty.此行可意译为：And make ugly what now excels in beauty.
6、confounds:destroys.him:it,i.e. summer,there:in winer.
7-8、这两行为独立主格结构，意义与5-6行连上，好比行首有个with.
7、Sap:Vital juice circulating in plants；树液，植物生长液。checked:stoppped.lusty:vigorous,well-growing.
8、o'ersonwed:buried in snow；撇号（apostrsphe)表示省略字母v，从而压缩一个音节，又见第10行pris'ner=prisoner。
9、summer's distillation:essence of summer flower，主要指从玫瑰花中提炼出来的香精。were not...left:if there were not left.
10、walls of glass:cd mqb 6.3注。
11、effect:product,结晶。were bereft:would be taken away.
12、Nor...nor:此行省略了一个动词，原意是：There would be neither it (i.e. beauty's effcet) nor any remembrance of what ia was .nor no:双重否定，仍为否定，这是伊丽莎白时代英惯用法。
14、leese but their show:lose only their outward form.still:always.sweet：香；此字在莎士比亚著作中有时可解“悦耳”、“美妙”、“性格令人喜爱”，但很少解作“甜”。

Then let not winter's ragged hand deface,
In thee thy summer, ere thou be distilled:
Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place
With beauty's treasure ere it be self-killed.
That use is not forbidden usury,
Which happies those that pay the willing loan;
That's for thy self to breed another thee,
Or ten times happier, be it ten for one;
Ten times thy self were happier than thou art,
If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:
Then what could death do if thou shouldst depart,
Leaving thee living in posterity?
Be not self-willed, for thou art much too fair
To be death's conquest and make worms thine heir.

1、Then...:起句紧接第5首，进一步发挥冬、夏、玫瑰香精的比喻。ragged:rough.deface:spoil beauty of ,disfigure.
2、thy summer:指“你的青春和美貌”。ere thou be distilled:before you are distilled；be distilled 指leave some essence of yourself，即留后代。
3、vial:(1)glass(=5.10"walls of glass)；（2）隐喻womb of some women.treasure(v.):enrich,fill with treasure.
4、ere:before.be:虎拟语气。
5、use,usury:二字同义：（1）investment,指放债，当时高利贷犯禁，放债并不犯禁；（2）sexual use,指娶妻生子，也不犯禁。
6、happies(v.):makes happy.pay the willing loan:willingly repay the loan；loan含双关义，参见第5行注。
8、be it ten for one:if it should be ten for one；以一得十，即指一本十利，亦即指十个儿女。
9、were:would be.
10、refigured:duplicated.
12、leaving...living:此二字声韵相似，使人想到其含义的矛盾：去一留，死一生。
13、self-willed:(1)obstinate；(2)given as a legacy to yourself.
14、worms:i.e. worms in graves that eat dead bodies.

Lo! in the orient when the gracious light
Lifts up his burning head, each under eye
Doth homage to his new-appearing sight,
Serving with looks his sacred majesty;
And having climb'd the steep-up heavenly hill,
Resembling strong youth in his middle age,
yet mortal looks adore his beauty still,
Attending on his golden pilgrimage;
But when from highmost pitch, with weary car,
Like feeble age, he reeleth from the day,
The eyes, 'fore duteous, now converted are
From his low tract and look another way:
So thou, thyself out-going in thy noon,
Unlook'd on diest, unless thou get a son.

1、Lo:Look.orient:East.the gracious light:the sun.
2、his:its,i.e. of the sun（但也可理解为将太阳神人格化）；下同。under(adj.):earthly.尘世的。
4、Serving:Worshippng.looks(n.):仰望；象 look 这样的抽象名词，在伊丽莎白时代也可用复数；下同。majesty:king-like glory.
5、steep-up:precipious,陡峭的。heav'nly（读两个音节）：（1）of the sky；（2）divine.
7、Yet:Now as before.mortal:numan,凡人的。still:重复Yet的意思。
8、Attending:Following.
9、highmost pitch:the highest point.car:chariot，希腊神话中太阳神Phoebus(Apollo)驾的车。
10、he:i.e. the sun，参见第2行注。reeleth:reels伊丽莎白时代第三人称单数动词词尾有-s和-th两种形式，-th代表南方音，-s代表北方音，诗中二者常混用。
11、'fore:before,previously.duteous:dutiful.converted:averted,turned away.
12、tract:track,path.
13、So:likewise.thyself outgoing in thy noon:的两解：（1）yourself now going forward at your prime；（2）going beyond yourself at noon.
14、Unlooked on diest:Will die without being looked up to .get a son:beget a son；son 与此首未曾直接用到的中心词sun 恰为同音异义词。

Music to hear, why hear'st thou music sadly?
Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy:
Why lov'st thou that which thou receiv'st not gladly,
Or else receiv'st with pleasure thine annoy?
If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,
By unions married, do offend thine ear,
They do but sweetly chide thee, who confounds
In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.
Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,
Strikes each in each by mutual ordering;
Resembling sire and child and happy mother,
Who, all in one, one pleasing note do sing:
Whose speechless song being many, seeming one,
Sings this to thee: 'Thou single wilt prove none.'

1、Muisc to hear:You who are muisc to hear，称呼语。why hear'st thou:why do you hear；第3行结构同。
2、Sweets...sweets:Sweetness...sweetness，美妙....美妙（注意此字当时不作“糖果”解）。war not:do not conflict.
3-4、=你为何爱你不爱接受的东西，或乐于接受你的烦恼？annoy(n.):annoyance,ennui.
5-6、=If combined music is offensive to your ear；这里连用了几个既常用音乐又常用于婚姻法律的词语（concord,unions,married)，使音乐的比喻自然地同劝婚的主题联系了起来。
7、They:i.e. sounds,combined music.but:only.sweetly chide:gently reprove.who confounds:此处 who 代thee，动词本应为confoundest，但因需与第5行 sounds 押韵，故用confounds（此种形式古英语中亦有所见）。confound(s):(1)confuse；(2)destroy.
8、In singleness:By remaining single.bear:(1)distinguish；(2)paly。相应地,who 从句也有两种解释：（1）you confuse into one blur the (nusical)parts that you should distinguish；（2）by remaining single you destroy the rles(of husband and father) that you should paly.
9、sweet busband to another:此处将琴弦之间的关系比作夫妻关系。
10、=拨响一根弦，另一根便振动，彼此共鸣。ordering:directing.注意8-14行含 ing 的内韵和尾韵：singleness(8),string(9),ordering(10),Resembing(11),pleasing,sing(12),seeming(13),sings,single(14),形成优美的谐音，与诗的内容配合。
11、sire:father.
13、speechless:wordless.
14、"Thou single wilt prove none":"If you remain single,you will prove to be nothing."参见苒谚："One is no munber."

Is it for fear to wet a widow's eye
That thou consumest thyself in single life?
Ah! if thou issueless shalt hap to die.
The world will wail thee, like a makeless wife;
The world will be thy widow and still weep
That thou no form of thee hast left behind,
When every private widow well may keep
By children's eyes her husband's shape in mind.
Look, what an unthrift in the world doth spend
Shifts but his place, for still the world enjoys it;
But beauty's waste hath in the world an end,
And kept unused, the user so destroys it.
No love toward others in that bosom sits
That on himself such murderous shame commits.

此首多[w]的头韵(alliteration),4、5两行一连入个字含此韵，产生了悲衰的音响效果。
1、for fear to wet a widow's eye:for fear of making a widow weep.
2、consum'st thyself in songle life:参见1.6“Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantinal fuel”及其注。
3、issueless:childless.hap:happen.
4、makeless wife:mateless wife,i.e. widow.
5、still:continually.
6、That:Because.
7、When:While.private:individual.
8、Look what:Whatever；用look what,look whom 等表不定关系，在伊丽莎白时代颇为常见。unthrift:prodigal,浪子。
10、his:its.still:(1)now as before；(2)forever.
11、beauty's waste:beauty wasted.hath in the world an end:ends in the world.
12、user:one who has the rigth to use.so:by so doing.
13、toward:for.sits:exists.
14、That:代上行that bosom，实指that person.murd'rous shame:shameful murder；这种形容词与名词颠倒关系的结构当时常见。

For shame deny that thou bear'st love to any,
Who for thy self art so unprovident.
Grant, if thou wilt, thou art beloved of many,
But that thou none lov'st is most evident:
For thou art so possessed with murderous hate,
That 'gainst thy self thou stick'st not to conspire,
Seeking that beauteous roof to ruinate
Which to repair should be thy chief desire.
O! change thy thought, that I may change my mind:
Shall hate be fairer lodged than gentle love?
Be, as thy presence is, gracious and kind,
Or to thyself at least kind-hearted prove:
Make thee another self for love of me,
That beauty still may live in thine or thee.

1、For shame deny:To avoid shame you should deny；此处shame重复第9末尾之shame（“murd'rous shame”），头两行内容亦与第9首偶句(couplet)相呼应。to any:for anyone.
2、Who:替代上行thou.unprovident:improvident,heedless；只顾眼前，不顾将来。
3、Grant if thou wilt: I admit if you insist that.belov'd of :loved by.
4、=Still it is clear that you love none.
6、thou stick'st not:you do not hesitate，你不懂。
7、=Trying to ruin that beautiful house；此处roof 喻house(a synecdoche)，而house则含双关义：(1)family，家族；(2)body that house the spirit,人的躯壳，外形。
8、Which:代上行beauteous roof.repair(v.)keep in good repair.
9、thought:attitude.that:so that.mind:opinion of you.
10、faier lodged:lodged in a fairer house.
11、presence:appearance.
13、Make thee another self:Make a copy of yourself in a child.for love of me:for my sake；此处诗人首次提到自己，显示了他与诗中青年的亲密关系。
14、still may live in thine or thee:may continue to exist in the form of your children or yourself.

As fast as thou shalt wane, so fast thou growest
In one of thine, from that which thou departest;
And that fresh blood which youngly thou bestowest
Thou mayst call thine when thou from youth convertest.
Herein lives wisdom, beauty and increase:
Without this, folly, age and cold decay:
If all were minded so, the times should cease
And threescore year would make the world away.
Let those whom Nature hath not made for store,
Harsh featureless and rude, barrenly perish:
Look, whom she best endow'd she gave the more;
Which bounteous gift thou shouldst in bounty cherish:
She carved thee for her seal, and meant thereby
Thou shouldst print more, not let that copy die.

1、= You will grow as fast as you wane.
2、In one of thine:In a child of yours.from:上接grow'st departest:(1)bestow,invest；(2)quit.
3、that fresh blood:that new life.youngly:(1)when young；(2)with youthful spirit.bestow'st:lay out,invest.
4、convertest（读作 convartest):turn away.
5-6、Herein lives...Without this:有两解：(1)In this course of action lies...Outside this course of action is ；(2)In this(fresh blood)dwells...Without this there will be.
5、Lives:莎士比亚常在倒装复数名词（或一连串单数包词）前使用单数动词形式。
6、Without this,folly,...:在Q(Tthe First Quarto,1609)中，this 与folly 间没有逗号，5-6行尚有第三解。
7、minded so :inclined like you.times:generation of men.
8、year:years；古英语的用法，伊丽莎白时代仍常见。make...away:destroy,finish.
9、store:breesing(as in “store carrle”).
10、featureless:ugly.rude:unrefined.barrenly perish:die without offspring.
11、Look whom:Whomever，参见9.9注，此行可意译为：To those whom Nature made lost beautiful she gave more powers of generation.
12、bounteous gift:i.e. gift of procreation.in bounty: by being bountiful ,prolific.
13、seal:stamp，印章。
14、copy:pattern,original；原印，指“你本人”。

When I do count the clock that tells the time,
And see the brave day sunk in hideous night;
When I behold the violet past prime,
And sable curls all silver'd o'er with white;
When lofty trees I see barren of leaves
Which erst from heat did canopy the herd,
And summer's green all girded up in sheaves
Borne on the bier with white and bristly beard,
Then of thy beauty do I question make,
That thou among the wastes of time must go,
Since sweets and beauties do themselves forsake
And die as fast as they see others grow;
And nothing 'gainst Time's scythe can make defence
Save breed, to brave him when he takes thee hence.

1、count:count the strokes of.tells:indicates by striking.
2、brave:bright,splendid.
3、violet:读三个音节。past prime:past its prime.
4、sable:black.all silvered o'er:Q 作“or silver'd ore”，此处照Malone(1780)的校订。
5、barren:devoid，脱尽。
6、erst:erstwhile,formerly.canopy:shelter.
7、green:green corn.girded:tied.
8、bier:有两解：(1)handbarrow for carrying harvested corn，运庄稼的小推车；(2)movable frame for carrying a dead body to the grave，简易柩车。beard 喻：“麦芒”(awn)；其读音近似于bird，与第6行 herd 押韵。注意此行多[b]的头韵(alliteration).
9、question make:(1)consider,ruminate；(2)doubt.
10、wastes of time:thing ruined by time.
11、sweets and beauties:things that are sweet and beautiful；莎士比亚时抽象名词可加复数，参见7.4,8.2注.themselves forsake:renounce themselves,change for the worse.
12、others:other seewts and beauties.
13、=Nothing can defend itself against time.time's scythe:中世纪画“时间”之神为一具骷髅，手持长把镰刀，良莠全割掉；而此处这个比喻还与7-8行收获的意思连贯。
14、Save breed:Except children.brave(v):defy.him...he:i.e. time.hence:away from this world.

O! that you were your self; but, love, you are
No longer yours, than you your self here live:
Against this coming end you should prepare,
And your sweet semblance to some other give:
So should that beauty which you hold in lease
Find no determination; then you were
Yourself again, after yourself's decease,
When your sweet issue your sweet form should bear.
Who lets so fair a house fall to decay,
Which husbandry in honour might uphold,
Against the stormy gusts of winter's day
And barren rage of death's eternal cold?
O! none but unthrifts. Dear my love, you know,
You had a father: let your son say so.

1、O that you were yourself:I with that you were yourself,i.e. you would not forsake yourself；参见上首第11行。love:my love friend.此处诗人首次以 you 称呼对方，比thou 为亲切，又称其为love，显示了感情的发展。
1-2、you are/No longer yours than you yourself herelive:you own yourself only as long as you remain alive.here:in this world.
3、Against:In anticipation of .end:end pf life.
4、sweet semblance:lovely from.some other:another person,i.e. a child of yours.
5、So:By doing so.should:could.hold in lease:租赁，短期占用。
6、deternination:ternination,满期；法律用语。were:sould be.
6-7、you were/Yourself again:有两解：(1)you would live again；(2)you would own yourself again.
8、=When your children would have your appearance.issue:offspring,children.
9、Who lets:Who is it that pernits；此问句直到12行才完，13行前半是其答复。house:参见10.7注。
10、husbandry:双关：(1)management；(2)provision of a husband；参见3.6注。
12、barren rage:barren-making ravage.
13、unthrifts:prodigals，浪子。
14、had:过去时，说明对方的父亲已死，此点同骚散普顿伯爵的情况相合（参见前言）。so :that he bad a father.

Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck;
And yet methinks I have astronomy,
But not to tell of good or evil luck,
Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality;
Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell,
Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind,
Or say with princes if it shall go well,
By oft predict that I in heaven find:
But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive,
And, constant stars, in them I read such art
As truth and beauty shall together thrive,
If from thyself to store thou wouldst convert;
Or else of thee this I prognosticate:
Thy end is truth's and beauty's doom and date.

1、judgement:specialized knowledge:即第9行的knowledge.pluck:derive.
2、methinks:it seems to me .I have astronomy:I understand astrology.astrology，占星学，中世纪直到伊丽莎白时代盛行于英国。
3、to tell:for telling in advance.
4、dearths:famines.or:or of .season's quality:season's weather conditions.
5、fortune...tell:tell fortune.to brief minutes:（1)for each and every minute，给每一刻时光。
6、Pointing:Appoonting.each:each minute.his:its.此行可意译为：Saying exactly when it will thunder or rain or blow.
7、with princes if it shall go well:whether things will go well with princes.
8、oft predict:frequent predictions.
10、constant stars:喻 your eyes.art:knowledge.
11、As:As that.shall:will assuredly.
12、from thyself to store:from self-sufficiency(i.e. self-love) to breeding(a son).store:参见11.9注。convert:turn,change，其读音如convart,与第10行art 押韵。
13、Or else:Otherwise.prognoticate:prophesy.
14、doom and dete:end.

When I consider every thing that grows
Holds in perfection but a little moment,
That this huge stage presenteth nought but shows
Whereon the stars in secret influence comment;
When I perceive that men as plants increase,
Cheered and cheque'd even by the self-same sky,
Vaunt in their youthful sap, at height decrease,
And wear their brave state out of memory;
Then the conceit of this inconstant stay
Sets you most rich in youth before my sight,
Where wasteful Time debateth with Decay,
To change your day of youth to sullied night;
And all in war with Time for love of you,
As he takes from you, I engraft you new.

此首涉及新的主题：诗人要与时间抗衡，用诗中的赞颂使他的友人长存。
1、I consider:后面省略了一个that.
2、Hplds:Stays.little:brief.
3、That:And that；that 为关联词，引导一个从句，与1-2行省略that 的that 从句关列，作consider 的宾语。this huge stage:i.e. the world；伊丽莎白时代诗人常把世界比作舞台。presenteth nought but shows:pensents nothing but shows.
4、Whereon:i.e. upon the shows.influence comment:exert influence and make comment；此处用了双重比喻，星辰既暗中牵引着人世舞台的戏，又如观众对它作出评论。注意此行多两个音节。
5、perceive:observe.as:like.
6、Cheered and checjed:Encouraged or curbed；注意此二字押头韵(alliteration)，并互为反义词（antonyms).sky:i.e. weather,season,celestial bodies.
7、Vaunt in their youthful sap:Exult in their youthful vitality；主语仍为men.at heoght decrease:having achiveed their prime,(they)start to decline.
8、wear:wear out.brave:splendid.out of menory:until it forgotten.
9、conceit:idea,thought.inconstant stay:unending change.
10、Sets you:Btings your image.rich:magnificent,opulent，健美，精力充沛。
11、Where:Whereas while.wasteful:destructive.debateth with:(1)strives together with；(2)struggles by means of.
12、sullied night:喻“暮年”。sullied:soiled,dark and dirty.
13、all:wholly.in war...:修饰下行中的I engraft.for love of you :because of my love for you.
14、As he takes from you:As a time saps you.engraft:（1）嫁接，种植，接上5行关于plants的比喻，参见37.8；（2）描写，其希腊语词尾 graphein 意为“to write”.new:anew.