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Sonnet #15
When I consider every thing that grows
Holds in perfection but a little moment,
That this huge stage presenteth nought but shows
Whereon the stars in secret influence comment;
When I perceive that men as plants increase,
Cheered and cheque'd even by the self-same sky,
Vaunt in their youthful sap, at height decrease,
And wear their brave state out of memory;
Then the conceit of this inconstant stay
Sets you most rich in youth before my sight,
Where wasteful Time debateth with Decay,
To change your day of youth to sullied night;
And all in war with Time for love of you,
As he takes from you, I engraft you new.
此首涉及新的主题：诗人要与时间抗衡，用诗中的赞颂使他的友人长存。
1、I consider:后面省略了一个that.
2、Hplds:Stays.little:brief.
3、That:And that；that 为关联词，引导一个从句，与1-2行省略that 的that 从句关列，作consider 的宾语。this huge stage:i.e. the world；伊丽莎白时代诗人常把世界比作舞台。presenteth nought but shows:pensents nothing but shows.
4、Whereon:i.e. upon the shows.influence comment:exert influence and make comment；此处用了双重比喻，星辰既暗中牵引着人世舞台的戏，又如观众对它作出评论。注意此行多两个音节。
5、perceive:observe.as:like.
6、Cheered and checjed:Encouraged or curbed；注意此二字押头韵(alliteration)，并互为反义词（antonyms).sky:i.e. weather,season,celestial bodies.
7、Vaunt in their youthful sap:Exult in their youthful vitality；主语仍为men.at heoght decrease:having achiveed their prime,(they)start to decline.
8、wear:wear out.brave:splendid.out of menory:until it forgotten.
9、conceit:idea,thought.inconstant stay:unending change.
10、Sets you:Btings your image.rich:magnificent,opulent，健美，精力充沛。
11、Where:Whereas while.wasteful:destructive.debateth with:(1)strives together with；(2)struggles by means of.
12、sullied night:喻“暮年”。sullied:soiled,dark and dirty.
13、all:wholly.in war...:修饰下行中的I engraft.for love of you :because of my love for you.
14、As he takes from you:As a time saps you.engraft:（1）嫁接，种植，接上5行关于plants的比喻，参见37.8；（2）描写，其希腊语词尾 graphein 意为“to write”.new:anew.
日期: 2007年4月14 周六